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. 2012 Dec 19;7(12):e48291. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048291

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© 2012 Hassan et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Cell survival following dual treatment protocols with doxorubicin (1 µM) and ultrasound (0.4 W/cm²). (a) Simultaneous treatment protocols. (b) Sequential treatment protocols. Data points are presented as mean ± SEM. Asterisks (*) denote the statistical significance of changes in cell survival following (Dox-US) protocol compared to (US 48) and (Dox 48) for each cell line. Following (US-Dox) treatment protocol, the cell survival of MES-SA cells decreased significantly compared to (US 48) but was insignificantly increased compared to (Dox 48). In MES-SA/DX5 cells, cell survival was unchanged. However, (US-Dox) protocol showed consistently large difference between the percentages obtained from WST-8 and cell counting assays indicating the presence of cells contributing to viability below the size threshold for detection by the cell counter.