Figure 4. A selective strategy based on the framework of road usage network shows better efficiency in mitigating traffic congestion.

(a) The distribution of the additional time T_e for each driver source is well approximated with an exponential distribution . T_e is unevenly distributed in the two urban areas (also see Fig. S17). The maximum T_e (Bay Area 3,562 minutes and Boston Area 1,037 minutes) is significantly larger than the average T_e (204 minutes and 113 minutes respectively). (b) The total additional travel time reduction δT according to the trip reduction percentage m for the selective vs. the random strategy. The fits correspond to δT = k(m – b), where k is the slope of the linear fit, b is close to zero for all fits. For a detailed statistical analysis of the fits, see the discussion in SI section III.B.