Table 6. Estimated regressions of average total cost per DALY averted of antiretroviral therapy in 45 facilities in Zambia.
| Column numbers: | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| Dependent variables: | Average totalcost per DALYaverted | Natural logarithmof average total costper DALY averted | Criterion fordefining dummyvariable | Natural logarithm ofaverage total cost perDALY averted |
| Explanatory variables | ||||
| Constant | 927.969 (0.277) | 6.669** (0.000) | Constant | 7.216** (0.000) |
| Proportion of patients adherent | 509.005 (0.490) | 0.506 (0.395) | >.91 | 0.076 (0.282) |
| Average baseline CD4 | −0.764 (0.647) | −0.000 (0.900) | >144 | −0.073 (0.225) |
| Proportion of patients initiating at WHO Stage 4 | 1,347.008* (0.077) | 1.152* (0.060) | <.10 | −0.058 (0.329) |
| Dummy = 1 if Hospital | −316.472** (0.001) | −0.311** (0.000) | = 1 if Hospital | −0.202** (0.007) |
| Months of ART service provision | −8.525+ (0.129) | −0.007+ (0.143) | >24 | −0.145* (0.063) |
| Patient-years of ART per year of operation | −0.093 (0.326) | −0.000 (0.224) | >300 | −0.191** (0.048) |
| >800 | −0.111+ (0.116) | |||
| Dummy = 1 if Rural | = 1 if Rural | −0.050 (0.580) | ||
| Dummy = 1 if Private | = 1 if Private | −0.039 (0.673) | ||
| Number of observations | 45 | 45 | 45 | |
| R-squared | 0.518 | 0.589 | 0.643 | |
| p of Early Start∧c | 0.200 | 0.184 | 0.374 | |
| p of Economies of Scale | 0.333 | 0.232 | 0.027 | |
Note: **p<0.05,
*
p<0.1,+p<0.2. p-values are given in parentheses to the right of the coefficients in columns (1), (2) and (4).
c
Values of p for “Early Start” are the significance level at which the joint hypothesis can be rejected that neither baseline CD4 nor proportion of patients initiating at WHO stage IV influences the dependent variable.