A. Four hours of sleep deprivation significantly reduced field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) slope in wild type (WT) mice (p<0.005, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, post hoc SNK t-test, *p<0.05, n=6). B. fEPSP slopes in slices from dnSNARE mice were not sensitive to sleep deprivation. Insets, fEPSP traces for increasing intensities of stimulation. Scale bar, 0.4mN, 5ms. C. Half-maximal fEPSP slope was significantly higher in dnSNARE slices taken following normal wakefulness (ZT0) and following 4h of sleep deprivation but not following 4h of undisturbed sleep (p<0.005, two-way ANOVA, post hoc SNK t-test; *p<0.05, n=6). D. Tonic inhibition by adenosine A1R was significantly increased by sleep deprivation in slices take from WT but not dnSNARE, mice (Mann-Whitney U test; Bonferonni’s correction *p<0.05, n=6). Adapted from Schmitt et al 2012.