The ALC1 macrodomain protects PAR chains from ∼ 3 to more than 20 ADP-ribose units from digestion by PARG.
A, diagram showing the protocol used for PAR footprinting assays. B, reactions performed as diagrammed in A contained no PARG (lanes 1 and 5) or 1.5 ng (lanes 2 and 6), 5 ng (lanes 3 and 7), and 15 ng (lanes 4 and 8) PARG. C, reactions performed as diagrammed in A contained PARP1 and wild-type or mutant ALC1 without or with 5 ng of PARG. Marker lanes (M) show the total reaction products synthesized in a reaction containing nucleosomes and PARP1. Free ATP runs at the position indicated by the asterisk.