ROS involvement in UVB-induced ASC stimulation. ROS generation was measured using DCF-DA by fluorescence microscopy (A) and flow cytometry (B). (A) Fluorescence intensity of DCF-DA was visibly increased after 20 mJ/cm2 UVB treatment, but pretreatment of DPI (100 nM) attenuated fluorescence signal of ASCs in microscopy. (B) ROS generation was alternatively measured by flow cytometry, and was also significantly reduced by DPI treatment. (C, D) DPI treatment (100 nM) attenuated the migration (C) and tube formation (D) of UVB-preconditioned ASCs. (E) DPI treatment also downregulated the mRNA expression of UVB-induced growth factors. **P<0.01. ROS, reactive oxygen species; DCF-DA, 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; DPI, diphenyleneiodonium chloride. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/scd