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. 2012 Nov 26;4(12):3363–3388. doi: 10.3390/v4123363

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Induction and antagonist role of different components of H5N1 IAV in the innate immune response in the host-cell. ssRNA, dsRNA and HA participate in the induction of the production of IFN and pro-inflammatory cytokines, while NS1, PB1-F2, PB2 and PA have an antagonist effect.