| Virus Vectors |
| HPIV3 Immunogens |
Guinea Pigs: |
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HPIV3- NHPs: |
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| VSV ∆GP Immunogens |
Immunocompetent Mice: |
Complete protection in NOD-SCID mice with high-dose VSV∆GP/EBOV GP [35] Complete protection with VSV∆G/EBOV GP live vector in immuncompetent mice [32,33,35] regardless of route of administration [35] Complete protection with VSV∆G/EBOV GP given 7 days prior to challenge
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67% protection with VSV ∆GP/EBOV GP in HIV+ NHPs mediated by CD4+ cells [34] Complete protection with VSV ∆GP/EBOV GP [36,37,38] in immunocompetent NHPs regardless of route of vaccination
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EBOV GP attenuated [32,33,34,35,36,37,38]
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IP, IM, IN, PO 1–2 × 104 PFU of VSV∆GP/EBOV GP [32,33,35] IP 2–2 × 103 PFU [35]
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NOD-SCID Mice: IP 2 × 105 PFU of VSV∆GP/EBOV GP |
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Guinea Pigs: IP 2 × 105 PFU-1–2 doses of VSV∆GP/EBOV GP [32] |
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HIV + NHPs: IM 1 × 107 PFU [34] |
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Immunocompetent NHPs: |
IM 1 × 107 PFU of VSV∆GP/EBOV GP [38] PO, [36] IN, [36] IM [36,37] 2 × 107 PFU of VSV∆GP/EBOV GP
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| VV Immunogens |
Guinea Pigs: SC 107 of VV/EBOV GP–3 doses [39] |
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NHPs: SC of VV/EBOV GP–3 doses [24] |
| Virus-like Particles (VLPs) |
| VEEV RNA (VRP) encoding: |
Mice: |
75–100% protection with VRP/EBOV NP [40,41,42] 90–100% protection with VRP/EBOV GP [41,42,43] Complete protection with VRP/EBOV GP+NP [41] 95–100% protection with VRP/EBOV VP proteins in BALB/c mice [42] 100% protection with VRP/EBOV VP 30 or VP 35 proteins in C57BL/6 mice [42] 80% protection with VRP/EBOV VP40 in C57BL/6 mice [42] No protection with VRP/EBOV VP24 protein in C57BL/6 mice [42,45]
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Strain 2 guinea pigs (2 doses): no protection with VRP/EBOV NP; 60% protection with VRP-EBOV GP [41] Strain 13 guinea pigs (3 doses): complete protection with VRP-EBOV GP; 20% protection with VRP/EBOV NP 100% protection with VRP/EBOV GP [44]
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No protection with VRP/EBOV GP or NP or both immunogens [24] Viremia present in all subjects Time to death similar to controls
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EBOV NP [24,40,41,42]
EBOV GP [24,41,42,43,44]
EBOV GP+NP [24,41] EBOV VP24, VP30, VP35, or VP40 [42,45]
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SC 2 x 106 FFU of VRP/EBOV NP– 3 doses [40] SC 2 × 106 FFU or 2 × 106 IU of VRP/EBOV NP, VP24, VP30, VP35, or VP40 for 2–3 doses [42,45] SC 1 × 106IU of VRP/EBOV GP or NP or GP + NP–2 doses [41] SC 1 × 108 of VRP EBOV GP–4 doses [43] |
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Guinea Pigs: SC 107 IU of VRP EBOV GP, NP, or GP+NP–2 or 3 doses [41,44] |
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NHPs: SC 2 x 106 FFU of VRP EBOV GP, NP or GP+NP–3 doses [24] |
| Ebola Virus Vaccines |
| EBOV |
Mice |
Complete protection with SC, IM live EBOV; [20,22,46] protection dependent on CD8+ cells and interferon-α/β receptors and not on B or CD4+ cells [20,47] Persistent infection in CD4-depleted or B cell-deficient mice [47] Complete protection with IV irradiated liposome encapsulated EBOV [49] 77% protection with IM liposome encapsulated EBOV 25, 45, or 55% protection with IP-, IM-, or IV-irradiated EBOV, respectively [48,49] >80% protection with INA-inactivated EBOV [50]
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No protection with liposome encapsulated EBOV; viremia [49] 25% protection with irradiated EBOV; viremia present in all macaques [24] Neutralizing antibody titers present in 1 surviving macaque immunized with irradiated EBOV
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Live [20,22,46,47] irradiated [24,48,49] irradiated, in liposomes [24,49] INA+ UV irradiated, MA [50]
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SC, IM, ID 100 PFU MA-EBOV prior to IP challenge [20,22,46,47] IP 10 µg of irradiated EBOV–3 doses [48] IM, IV 1.4 µg of irradiated EBOV alone or in liposome–2 doses [49] IM 5 × 104 PFU of INA inactivated MA-EBOV–1 or 2 doses [50]
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NHPs: |
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