Table 4.
Associations of socio-demographic and health status variables with use of complementary medicine (CM)* to treat/manage type-2 diabetes
| UOR† | 95% CI‡ | AOR§ | 95% CI‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age group |
|
|
|
|
| Age 18–44 yrs |
Ref |
|
Ref |
|
| Age 45–64 yrs |
0.89 |
.48-1.63 |
1.16 |
.56-2.37 |
| Age 65+ yrs |
0.52 |
.27-.99 |
0.76 |
.36-1.59 |
|
Race/ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
| NH White |
Ref |
|
Ref |
|
| NH Black |
0.69 |
.38-1.26 |
0.76 |
.39-1.46 |
| Hispanic |
1.71 |
1.05-2.81 |
1.39 |
.83-2.33 |
| Other races |
1.98 |
.83-4.72 |
1.49 |
.63-3.55 |
|
Region of residence |
|
|
|
|
| Northeast |
0.3 |
.14-.66 |
0.30 |
.14-.63 |
| Midwest |
0.34 |
.18-.65 |
0.32 |
.16-.62 |
| South |
0.41 |
.24-.68 |
0.40 |
.25-.65 |
| West |
Ref |
|
ref |
|
|
Other health conditions§ |
|
|
|
|
| 0-2 |
Ref |
|
ref |
|
| 3 or more |
1.75 |
1.12-2.73 |
1.72 |
1.01-2.93 |
|
BMI Level |
|
|
|
|
| BMI 0 - < 25 |
Ref |
|
ref |
|
| BMI 25 - < 30 |
1.91 |
.93-3.93 |
1.91 |
.91-4.02 |
| BMI >= 30 |
2.63 |
1.38-5.02 |
2.32 |
1.12-4.81 |
|
Vigorous leisure activity |
|
|
|
|
| Unable to do or none |
0.58 |
.34-.98 |
0.68 |
.40-1.13 |
| Any per week |
Ref |
|
ref |
|
|
Perceived health status |
|
|
|
|
| Fair/poor |
0.56 |
.36-.86 |
0.52 |
.32-.84 |
| Exc/VG/Good|| |
Ref |
|
Ref |
|
|
Year of survey |
|
|
|
|
| 2002 |
NA |
|
Ref |
|
| 2007 | NA | 0.66 | .42-1.04 |
* CM use, the dependent variable for this study, was defined as use of any of the following in the past 12 months: acupuncture, Ayurveda, biofeedback, chelation therapy, chiropractic care, chiropractic or osteopathic manipulation, energy healing therapy/Reiki, folk medicine, hypnosis, massage therapy, movement based therapies, naturopathy, herbal supplements and other non-vitamin/non-mineral dietary supplements (NVNMDS), homeopathic treatment, diet-based therapies, traditional healers, yoga, tai chi, qi gong, and relaxation techniques.
† unadjusted or crude odds ratio.
‡ 95% confidence interval.
§ Adjusted Odds Ratio. The model controls for socio-demographic and health status variables significantly associated (p < 0.1) with the dependent variable in Table 2: race/ethnicity, region of residence, number of co-morbid conditions, BMI level, presence of coronary heart disease, the ability to perform vigorous leisure activity at least once per week and perceived health status, as well as for year of survey.
|| Excellent/Very Good/Good.