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. 2012 Nov 21;109(50):20326–20331. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1214204109

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Fig. 1. — (A) Illustration of the electrified aqueous electrolyte/organic electrolyte interface for , with ions represented by spheres. Arrows represent incident and reflected X-rays. The two grids represent the working electrodes that are ∼1 cm from the liquid/liquid interface; reference electrodes are not shown (10). Electrical double layers (not illustrated) are also formed on the working electrodes. (B) X-ray reflectivity R normalized to the Fresnel reflectivity from the electrified water (10 mM NaCl)/DCE (5 mM BTPPATPFB) liquid/liquid interface as a function of wave vector transfer (wavelength Å; angle of incidence α) for different electric potential differences (increasing from bottom to top) and TPFB⁻ interfacial ion–ion correlation coupling strengths . Data are offset for clarity (without the offset, as ). Data at are measurements of the beam transmitted, without reflection through the upper phase. Lines illustrate the reflectivity predicted from a model with (solid lines, CORR) and without (dashed lines, PB/MD) ion correlations.

Inline graphic — (A) Illustration of the electrified aqueous electrolyte/organic electrolyte interface for , with ions represented by spheres. Arrows represent incident and reflected X-rays. The two grids represent the working electrodes that are ∼1 cm from the liquid/liquid interface; reference electrodes are not shown (10). Electrical double layers (not illustrated) are also formed on the working electrodes. (B) X-ray reflectivity R normalized to the Fresnel reflectivity from the electrified water (10 mM NaCl)/DCE (5 mM BTPPATPFB) liquid/liquid interface as a function of wave vector transfer (wavelength Å; angle of incidence α) for different electric potential differences (increasing from bottom to top) and TPFB⁻ interfacial ion–ion correlation coupling strengths . Data are offset for clarity (without the offset, as ). Data at are measurements of the beam transmitted, without reflection through the upper phase. Lines illustrate the reflectivity predicted from a model with (solid lines, CORR) and without (dashed lines, PB/MD) ion correlations.