CYP1A protein expression in adult killifish gills (dark red staining) sampled in situ from all sampling times (columns) and locations (rows). Locations include Grand Terre (GT), Bay St. Louis (BSL), Belle Fontaine Point (BFP), Bayou La Batre (BLB), Mobile Bay (MB), and Fort Morgan (FMA). (Magnification 40×, scale bars = 10 μm.) The MB site was only sampled on trips 1 and 2, and gills from trip 1 at the BLB site were not available for processing. Fish gills from the GT site during trips 2 and 3 showed high CYP1A expression and an elevated incidence of hyperplasia of the lamellae and interlamellar space on the gill filaments coincident with oil contamination. CYP1A protein was elevated at the GT site postoil (trips 2 and 3) compared with GT preoil (trip 1) as well as with other field sites, none of which were directly oiled. Nuclei were stained using hematoxylin (blue). Exact site locations and sampling dates are reported in Dataset S1.