Table 5. PLS-DA validation results for dummy matrices of ethnic background at the three visits.

Groupa	Visit	Q2, R2 at6 comp.	NMC, permutation test at 6 comp.
West	V1	0.305/0.392	69 (63–74)/161 (150–174)
	V2	0.330/0.410	77 (73–83)/165 (150–179)
	V3	0.317/0.404	77 (72–82)/138 (126–146)
S.Asiab	V1	0.108/0.270	109 (105–116)/122 (111–130)
	V2	0.112/0.242	122 (118–126)/121 (114–130)
	V3	0.210/0.315	90 (85–95)/105 (97–113)
E.Asiac	V1	0.087/0.149	37/35 (32–37)
	V2	0.087/0.162	31/30 (26–31)
	V3	0.066/0.113	34/32 (29–34)
ME.CA.NA.d	V1	0.027/0.100	102/85 (80–91)
	V2	0.066/0.164	99 (97–100)/87 (80–94)
	V3	0.038/0.149	84 (83–85)/73 (67–78)
Sub-Sahara	V1	0.036/0.098	52/48 (45–52)
	V2	0.062/0.112	48/44 (41–47)
	V3	0.045/0.128	37/35 (32–37)

^aExcluding South America, n = 12.

^bS.Asia: South Asia;

^cE.Asia: East Asia;

^dME.CA.NA.: Middle East, Central Asia and North Africa.