Table 1. Literature review of computational simulations of CSF motion in the cervical SSS and/or craniospinal junction in healthy conditions and patients with craniospinal disorders.

Author	Technique	Geometry	Tissue motion	Arachnoid trabeculae	Nerve roots
Gupta et al. [15]	CFD, anisotropic porous media	3D subject-specific	No	Yes	No
Stockman et al. [20]	CFD, Lattice Boltzmann	2D idealized	No	Yes	Yes
Roldan et al. [21]	3D rigid wall CFD	3D subject-specific	No	No	No
Linge et al. [22]	3D rigid wall CFD	3D idealized	No	No	No
Loth et al. [14]	3D rigid wall CFD	2D concentric ellipse based on subject	No	No	No
Rutkowska et al. [23]	3D rigid wall CFD	3D patient specific	No	No	No
Bertram [30]	Numerical model/wave propagation	2D idealized axisymmetric, tapered tubes	Yes	No	No
Cirovic [28]	Numerical model/wave propagation	2D concentric tube with constant diameter	Yes	No	No
Carpenter et al. [48],Elliott et al. [49],Cirovic et al. [50]	Numerical model/wave propagation	1D coaxial, fluid-filled, elastic tubes	Yes	No	No
Elliott et al. [51]	Two multiple-compartment hydraulic circuit models	1D coaxial, fluid-filled, permeable tubes	No	No	No
Linninger et al. [52]	FSI	Multi compartment model of intracranial dynamics	Yes	No	No
Bilston et al. [53]	CFD	2D Axisymmetric, cylindrical model	Yes	No	No

Abbreviations: CSF = cerebrospinal fluid, SSS = spinal subarachnoid space, CFD = computational fluid dynamics, FSI = fluid-structure interaction.