Table 2.
GLP-1R agonist and DPP-4 inhibitor cardiovascular outcomes trials
| Drug | Study | Dose | Primary Outcome | Patient # |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLP-1R | ||||
| Agonists | ||||
| Exenatide | Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering Trial (EXSCEL): A Trial To Evaluate Cardiovascular Outcomes After Treatment With Exenatide Once Weekly In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | 2.0 mg injected subcutaneously once weekly | Time to 1st confirmed cardiovascular event | ~9,500 |
| Liraglutide | Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results -A Long Term Evaluation (LEADER™) | Maximum dose 1.8 mg/day injected subcutaneously | Time from randomization to 1st occurrence of non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, or cardiovascular death | ~8,750 |
| Lixasenatide | Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With AVE0010 (Lixisenatide) (ELIXA) | 20 ug in 0.2 mL once a day injection 1 hr before breakfast | Time to the 1st occurrence of non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or cardiovascular death | ~6,000 |
| Dulaglutide | Researching Cardiovascular Events With a Weekly Incretin in Diabetes (REWIND) | 1.5 mg injected subcutaneously once weekly | Time from randomization to 1st occurrence of non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, or cardiovascular death | ~9,600 |
| DPP-4 | ||||
| Inhibitors | ||||
| Vildagliptin | Effect of Vildagliptin on Left Ventricular Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Congestive Heart Failure | 50 mg twice daily | LV function as determined via changes in ejection fraction | ~490 |
| Sitagliptin | Sitagliptin Cardiovascular Outcome Study (0431-082 AM1) (TECOS) | 50 or 100 mg/day oral tablet | Time to 1st confirmed cardiovascular event (non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina) | ~14,000 |
| Alogliptin | Cardiovascular Outcomes Study of Alogliptin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome (EXAMINE) | 6.25 or 12.5 or 25 mg/day oral tablet | Time from randomization to the 1st occurrence of a primary major adverse cardiac event (nonfatal MI, non-fatal stroke, cardiovascular death) | ~5,400 |
| Saxagliptin | Does Saxagliptin Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Events When Used Alone or Added to Other Diabetes Medications (SAVOR- TIMI 53) | 2.5 or 5 mg/day oral tablet | Time to 1st confirmed cardiovascular event (non-fatal MI, non-fatal ischaemic stroke, or cardiovascular death) | ~16,500 |
| Linagliptin | CAROLINA: Cardiovascular Outcome Study of Linagliptin Versus Glimepiride in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes | 5 mg/day oral tablet | Time to the 1st occurrence of non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or cardiovascular death | ~6,000 |