Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of participants recruited at baseline
| Characteristics | Intervention (n = 477) |
|---|---|
| Age , mean years (SD) |
47.9 (9.6) |
| Gender, frequency (%) |
|
| Male |
287 (60.2) |
| Female |
190 (39.8) |
| Ethnic Group, frequency (%) |
|
| Malay |
206 (43.2) |
| Chinese |
124 (26.0) |
| Indian |
130 (27.3) |
| Others |
17 (3.6) |
| Education, frequency (%) |
|
| Primary |
25 (5.2) |
| Secondary |
215 (45.1) |
| Tertiary |
178 (37.3) |
| None |
59 (12.3) |
| Cardiovascular comorbidities, frequency (%) |
|
| Diabetes (DM) |
45 (9.4) |
| Hypertension (HPT) |
79 (16.6) |
| Hyperlipidaemia (HLP) |
42 (8.8) |
| DM + HPT |
54 (11.3) |
| DM + HLP |
70 (14.7) |
| HPT + HLP |
88 (18.4) |
| DM + HPT + HLP |
99 (20.8) |
| Smoking history, frequency (%) |
|
| Yes |
74 (15.5) |
| No | 403 (84.5) |
Note: DM Diabetes mellitus, HPT Hypertension, HLP Hyperlipidaemia.