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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2012 Jul 25;31:54–68. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.07.008

Figure 3. MIA induces long-lasting changes in cytokines in cingulate cortex throughout development.

Figure 3

Data is plotted as in Fig. 2. (A) At P0, MIA induces increases in three cytokines. (B) At P7, five cytokines are lower than controls, while IL-17 is the only elevated cytokine at this age. IL-1α, IL-3, and IL-4 are below the level of detection. (C) At P14, eight cytokines are also lower. (D) At P30, eleven cytokines remain lower than controls. (E) At P60, fewer cytokines are altered and both are higher than controls. (F) A heat map is used to summarize the results for MIA-induced changes in cytokines at all ages examined. Statistically significant changes are indicated in color: red indicates increases and blue decreases in cytokine levels compared to controls. The degree of change is indicated by the depth of color as indicated in the lower panel. ND = below the level of detection. n = 5–6 brains per treatment group (pooled from at least two independent litters).