Table 3.

Case definitions and screening measures of dementia in retained studies

Author	Country	Case definition	Screening measures	Complications
Ben-Arie (1983) [24]	South Africa	n/a	MMSE, PSE, FCA	Life Satisfaction Index Social Performance Schedule
El Tallaway (2010) [25]	Egypt	n/a	SSQ, FCA	Other neurological conditions
Farrag (1998) [26]	Egypt	DSM–III–R NINCDS–ADRDA Hachinski Ischaemic Score	SSQ, MMSE, FCA, laboratory diagnosis	IADL Geriatric Depression Scale Revised Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale
Guerchet (2009) [27]	Benin	DSM–IV NINCDS–ADRDA	SSQ, CSI–D, FCA	Goldberg’s Anxiety and Depression Scale Jacoby’s Stigma Scale Psychosocial factors according to Persson and Skoog Medical examination
Guerchet (2010) [28]	Central Republic of Africa Republic of the Congo	DSM–IV NINCDS–ADRDA Hachinski Ischaemic Scale	SSQ, CSI–D, 5WT, FCA	Medical history Psychosocial factors according to Persson and Skoog Goldberg’s Anxiety and Depression Scale
Gureje (2006) [29]	Nigeria	DSM–IV	10WDRT	World Mental Health Survey version of WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview Katz Index of Independence of Daily Living Nagi Physical Performance Scale and Health Assessment Questionnaire WHO–QOL–BREF
Hendrie (1995) [30]	Nigeria	DSM–III–R ICD–10	SSQ, CSI–D, CERAD	n/a
Ochayi (2006) [11]	Nigeria	DSM–IV ICD–10	CSI–D	Medical examination
Paraiso (2011) [12]	Benin	DSM–IV NINCDS–ADRDA NINDS–AIREN	SSQ, CSI–D, FCA	Medical examination Goldberg’s Anxiety and Depression Scale Psychosocial factors according to Persson and Skoog
Yusuf (2011) [31]	Egypt	DSM–IV ICD–10	SSQ, CSI–D, CERAD, SDT, BDS	n/a

DSM – Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, NINCDS–ADRDA – National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke – Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders Association, ICD–10 – International Classification of Diseases – 10, NINDS–AIREN – National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke – Association Internationale pour la Recherché et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences, MMSE – Mini Mental State Examination, PSE – portal–systemic shunt encephalopahty, FCA – Family Caregiver Alliance, SSQ – Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale, CSI–D – CommunityScreening Interview for Dementia, 5WT – Five Word Test, 10WDRT – 10–Word Delay Recall Test, CERAD – Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer Disease, SDT – sibship disequilibrium test, BDS – Blessed Dementia Scale, IADL – Instrumental Activities of Daily Living