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. 2012 Jul 19;6(1):64–71. doi: 10.1242/dmm.009423

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© 2012. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly cited and all further distributions of the work or adaptation are subject to the same Creative Commons License terms.

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Fig. 4. — Reactive hindbrain stimulation in the presence of PTZ. (A) Simultaneous recording of forebrain field potential (black) and scalar entropy (blue). PTZ was applied continuously (down arrow). Following a latency, there was a decrease in scalar entropy that results in a volley of hindbrain stimulations (red asterisks). A total of three stimulation volleys with 21 total hindbrain stimulations occurred over a 30-minute interval. Despite more than 30 minutes of exposure to PTZ, no seizure occurred. The amplifier registered a stimulation artifact in the EEG tracing with each stimulation. (B) Histogram showing number of stimulations per 30-minute PTZ exposure time. The stimulation rate was directly dependent on PTZ concentration and was reduced by the addition of valproic acid (VA). Use of a stimulator pulse that delivers 10× the charge per stimulation (10XSTIM) resulted in significantly fewer hindbrain stimulations over a 30-minute period in the presence of 15 mM PTZ. Bars indicate the data median. Boxes and whiskers indicate the 25th to 75th and 5th to 95th percentiles, respectively.