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. 2012 Aug 31;17(4):421–438. doi: 10.1093/deafed/ens028

Table 2.

Communication mode: Children and caregivers

Oral communication Manual communication Mixed communication
Children in home environment (n = 401) 302 (75.3%) 3 (0.7%) 96 (23.9%)
Children in early education environment (n = 390) 299 (76.7%) 1 (0.3%) 90 (23.1%)
Female caregiver in home environment (n = 402) 367 (91.3%) 5 (1.2%) 30 (7.5%)
Male caregiver in home environment (n = 382) 356 (93.2%) 7 (1.8%) 19 (4.7%)