Table 1.
Descriptive and comparative statistics: sarcopenic versus nonsarcopenic individuals
| Men | Women | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Sarcopenic (n = 18) | Nonsarcopenic (n = 54) | Sarcopenic (n = 5) | Nonsarcopenic (n = 123) | |||||||
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| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p | |
| Age | 81.5 | 7.0 | 73.8 | 5.9 | 0.000 | 70.4 | 2.6 | 70.8 | 4.1 | 0.835 |
| Anthropometric and body composition variables | ||||||||||
| Height (cm) | 169.2 | 7.9 | 170.3 | 6.0 | 0.552 | 155.4 | 7.5 | 156.2 | 5.6 | 0.746 |
| Weight (kg) | 65.8 | 7.3 | 79.2 | 9.9 | 0.000 | 51.8 | 10.7 | 66.0 | 7.9 | 0.000 |
| Upper arm crf (cm) | 26.6 | 3.9 | 30.8 | 3.2 | 0.000 | 27.7 | 2.8 | 30.2 | 2.5 | 0.030 |
| Waist crf (cm) | 88.2 | 9.4 | 98.0 | 9.4 | 0.000 | 78.6 | 5.2 | 95.0 | 13.1 | 0.006 |
| Calf crf (cm) | 33.7 | 2.5 | 36.9 | 2.8 | 0.000 | 32.1 | 3.4 | 35.8 | 2.7 | 0.004 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.0 | 2.1 | 27.3 | 2.8 | 0.000 | 21.2 | 2.2 | 27.1 | 3.2 | 0.000 |
| FM (kg) | 14.8 | 4.5 | 19.5 | 5.6 | 0.002 | 16.7 | 6.1 | 24.2 | 5.1 | 0.002 |
| FFM (kg) | 49.5 | 4.6 | 58.0 | 5.8 | 0.000 | 34.6 | 4.3 | 40.6 | 3.9 | 0.001 |
| FM% | 21.9 | 5.3 | 23.9 | 4.7 | 0.135 | 30.7 | 5.4 | 36.0 | 4.4 | 0.011 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 6.8 | 0.4 | 8.3 | 0.7 | 0.000 | 5.2 | 0.4 | 6.7 | 0.6 | 0.000 |
| Bioelectrical variables | ||||||||||
| R/H (Ohm/m) | 331.0 | 31.5 | 272.1 | 28.4 | 0.000 | 426.4 | 53.1 | 356.5 | 31.1 | 0.000 |
| Xc/H (Ohm/m) | 28.6 | 5.5 | 29.0 | 4.9 | 0.780 | 39.0 | 6.6 | 38.0 | 5.4 | 0.664 |
| Z/H (Ohm/m) | 332.2 | 31.5 | 273.7 | 28.3 | 0.000 | 428.2 | 53.4 | 358.6 | 31.2 | 0.000 |
| R sp (Ohm • cm) | 387.4 | 70.8 | 393.5 | 52.6 | 0.698 | 440.5 | 65.4 | 490.2 | 64.4 | 0.094 |
| Xc sp (Ohm • cm) | 33.7 | 8.8 | 42.4 | 10.3 | 0.002 | 40.2 | 7.3 | 52.5 | 10.6 | 0.012 |
| Z sp (Ohm • cm) | 388.9 | 71.1 | 395.9 | 53.0 | 0.662 | 442.4 | 65.7 | 493.0 | 64.9 | 0.090 |
| Phase (degrees) | 5.0 | 1.0 | 6.1 | 1.1 | 0.000 | 5.2 | 0.5 | 6.1 | 0.8 | 0.015 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; crf, circumference; FFM, fat-free mass; FM, fat mass; H, height; R, resistance; SD, standard deviation; SMI, skeletal muscle mass index; sp, specific; Xc, reactance; Z, impedance.