Table 1.
Baseline and follow-up demographic, clinical, and survival characteristics
| Patients with HCV and ALD (Cases) | Patients with HCV and without ALD (Controls) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N |
1193 |
1193 |
|
| Baseline |
|
|
|
| Age at index date |
|
|
|
| Mean |
48.6 |
49.0 |
0.268 |
| SD |
8.6 |
8.7 |
|
| Median |
49.0 |
49.0 |
|
| <35 |
5.0% |
4.4% |
|
| 35-44 |
22.8% |
21.2% |
|
| 45-54 |
50.3% |
50.6% |
|
| 55+ |
21.9% |
23.8% |
|
| Male (%) |
54.6% |
54.6% |
1.000 |
| Race |
|
|
|
| White |
54.1% |
54.1% |
1.000 |
| Black |
23.3% |
23.3% |
1.000 |
| Hispanic |
9.8% |
9.8% |
1.000 |
| Other |
12.8% |
12.8% |
1.000 |
| Charlson score1 |
|
|
|
| Mean |
3.1 |
2.3 |
< .001 |
| SD |
3.2 |
2.7 |
|
| Median |
2.0 |
1.0 |
|
| Follow-Up |
|
|
|
| Duration of follow-up (days) |
|
|
|
| Mean |
277 |
366 |
< .001 |
| SD |
135 |
8 |
|
| Median |
366 |
366 |
|
| Survival |
|
|
|
| Died during evaluation period (%) |
35.1% |
0.8% |
< .001 |
| Selected non-ALD-related diagnoses (%) |
|
|
|
| Alcoholic cirrhosis |
28.8% |
1.1% |
< .001 |
| Diabetes |
24.8% |
19.8% |
0.004 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding |
20.2% |
3.6% |
< .001 |
| HBV |
9.7% |
2.9% |
< .001 |
| HIV |
25.2% |
23.7% |
0.418 |
| Other sequelae of chronic liver disease |
10.5% |
0.3% |
< .001 |
| Acute Renal failure |
13.1% |
2.2% |
< .001 |
| Unspecified disorder of the liver |
11.2% |
1.8% |
< .001 |
| Selected ALD-related diagnoses (%) |
|
|
|
| Ascites |
54.5% |
0.0% |
< .001 |
| Esophageal varices without bleeding |
11.2% |
0.0% |
< .001 |
| Hepatic coma (encephalopathy) |
19.4% |
0.0% |
< .001 |
| Portal hypertension | 11.7% | 0.0% | < .001 |
Source: Florida Medicaid database: claims with dates of service between July 1, 1998 and June 30, 2008.
Note: Comparison patients were matched based on 5-year age groupings, sex, and race to cases.
1T-tests were used to evaluate differences in mean age and Charlson score, while Wilcoxon tests were used for duration of follow-up. The Fisher Exact 2-tailed test was used for comparisons of proportions.
2Race/ethnicity was patient-identified; with "Other" race/ethnicity including American Indian, Asian, and others.
3Charlson score excludes HCC, 'Mild Liver Disease' and 'Liver Disease' comorbidities.
4Significance testing was not performed on ALD-related diagnoses as the comparison cohort could not have any of these diagnoses in baseline or follow-up by definition. These diagnoses were based on all inpatient and outpatient diagnoses observed over the follow-up period: ALD advanced liver disease, HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, HIV human immunodeficiency virus.