Table 6.
Concentration index for coverage of MNCH interventions in Vietnam, 1997–2006
|
Intervention |
Wealth score |
|
|
|
Maternal education |
|
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | 2000 | 2002 | 2006 | 1997 | 2000 | 2002 | 2006 | |
|
1. Family planning |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| % of women using any type of family planning method |
0.0384 |
0.0432 |
0.0249 |
−0.0054 |
0.0335 |
0.0487 |
0.0315 |
0.0123 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| % of women using modern type of family planning method |
0.022 |
0.0074 |
−0.0066 |
−0.0348 |
0.0209 |
0.0437 |
0.0075 |
−0.0004 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
|
2. Maternal and newborn health |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| % of pregnant women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel |
0.2833 |
0.1652 |
0.0776 |
0.0587 |
0.0765 |
0.1428 |
0.0523 |
0.0463 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| % of pregnant women attended at least 4 times during pregnancy by skilled health personnel |
0.4296 |
N/a |
0.3170 |
N/a |
0.2101 |
N/a |
0.1741 |
N/a |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
| % of women who received at least two tetanus toxoid doses during last pregnancy |
0.1373 |
0.1119 |
0.0952 |
0.0745 |
0.0690 |
0.1238 |
0.0536 |
0.0487 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| % of births delivered in health facilities |
0.1964 |
N/a |
0.1324 |
0.1182 |
0.0561 |
N/a |
0.0721 |
0.0669 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel |
0.1407 |
0.1760 |
0.1247 |
0.1025 |
0.0570 |
0.1490 |
0.0771 |
0.0612 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of children born in the last 12 months who were breastfed within one hour of birth |
0.0218 |
N/a |
−0.0075 |
−0.0244 |
0.0383 |
N/a |
0.0286 |
0.0227 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p > 0.05 |
N/a |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of infants under 6 months exclusively breastfed |
−0.0599 |
N/a |
−0.1062 |
−0.1472 |
0.0345 |
N/a |
0.0460 |
−0.1151 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p > 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of infants aged 6–9 months who are breastfed and receive complementary food |
−0.0160 |
−0.0352 |
−0.0377 |
−0.0063 |
0.0194 |
−0.0271 |
−0.0663 |
−0.0503 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
|
3. Child health |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| % of children aged 0–59 months who are immunized against measles |
0.0698 |
0.0775 |
0.0718 |
0.0341 |
0.0575 |
0.0778 |
0.0394 |
0.0211 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| % of children aged 0–59 months who received BCG vaccine |
0.0513 |
0.0685 |
0.0432 |
0.0164 |
0.0184 |
0.0580 |
0.0244 |
0.0121 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of children aged 0–59 months who received 3 doses of DPT vaccine |
0.0844 |
0.1334 |
0.1051 |
0.0641 |
0.0587 |
0.1164 |
0.0602 |
0.0539 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of children aged 0–59 months receiving one dose of Vitamin A in the past 6 months |
N/a |
0.0765 |
N/a |
0.0436 |
N/a |
0.0559 |
N/a |
0.0393 |
| p (CI = 0) |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
N/a |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
| % of children aged 0–59 months with diarrhea in the last 2 weeks who were brought to an appropriate health provider |
0.0119 |
0.0796 |
0.0884 |
0.0101 |
−0.0612 |
0.0749 |
0.0736 |
0.0685 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of children aged 0–59 months with diarrhea in the last 2 weeks who received ORT and continued feeding |
0.1887 |
0.0059 |
0.1088 |
−0.0526 |
−0.0042 |
0.0425 |
−0.0215 |
−0.0193 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of children aged 0–59 months with suspected ARI in the last 2 weeks who were brought to an appropriate health provider |
0.0619 |
0.0755 |
0.0161 |
0.0579 |
0.0393 |
0.0931 |
0.0532 |
0.0780 |
| p (CI = 0) |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
p < 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
p > 0.05 |
| % of children aged 0–59 months with suspected ARI receiving antibiotics |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
0.0135 |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
0.0088 |
| p (CI = 0) |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
p > 0.05 |
N/a |
N/a |
N/a |
p > 0.05 |
| p (CI1997 = CI2006) | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a | N/a |
Notes:
1. N/a = not applicable or data not available.
2. p (CI = 0) = probability of concentration index being equal to zero (if p < 0.05, then there is a statistically significant difference between a concentration index of zero, indicating perfect equality, and the obtained concentration index; such a result indicates inequality).
3. p (CI1997 = CI2006) = probability of concentration index for 1997 being equal to concentration index for 2006 (if p < 0.05, then there is a statistically significant difference between the concentration index in 1997 and the concentration index in 2006; such a result indicates a change in inequality over time).