Table 2.
Association between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and change in retinal arteriolar and venular diameter
| SDB categories by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) |
Sample size | Mean retinal arteriolar diameter in um |
Change in mean retinal vessel diameter (95% CI) from multivariable model 1 in um* |
Change in mean retinal vessel diameter (95% CI) from multivariable model 2 in um† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retinal venular diameter | ||||
| No SDB (AHI: <5 events/hr) | 251 | 210.4 | 0 (Referent) | 0 (Referent) |
| Mild SDB (AHI: 5-14.9 events/hr) | 156 | 211.1 | 0.69 (−2.41, 3.78) | 0.70 (−2.41, 3.81) |
| Moderate SDB (AHI: >15 events/hr) | 69 | 215.1 | 4.92 (1.12, 8.73) | 4.71 (0.75, 8.68) |
| p-trend | 0.021 | 0.034 | ||
| Retinal arteriolar diameter | ||||
| No SDB (AHI: <5 events/hr) | 251 | 147.9 | 0 (Referent) | 0 (Referent) |
| Mild SDB (AHI: 5-14.9 events/hr) | 156 | 147.3 | −0.88 (−3.06, 1.31) | −0.58 (−2.82, 1.66) |
| Moderate SDB (AHI: >15 events/hr) | 69 | 145.9 | −2.40 (−5.10, 0.30) | −1.98 (−4.64, 0.84) |
| p-trend | 0.08 | 0.19 |
*
Adjusted for age (years), sex (men, women), race-ethnicity (whites, non-whites), fellow retinal vessel diameter (um)
†
Additionally adjusted for smoking (never, former, current), alcohol intake (drinks/week), body mass index (kg/m2), diabetes (absent, present), serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL), serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL)