Table 2. Selected health outcomes among cohort members by levels of hearing impairment.
| Health outcomes | Percent prevalence of health outcomes by hearing impairment group |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No impairment (n = 79,640) |
Some trouble ≥ 13 yrs old (n = 6,670) |
Some trouble < 13 yrs old (n = 706) |
Deaf since ≥ 13 yrs old (n = 56) |
Deaf since < 13 yrs old (n = 62) |
|
| Poor self-assessed health | 4.0 (3,216) | 10.4 (691) | 9.4 (66) | 14.3 (8) | 8.1 (5) |
| Poor psychological health | 5.4 (4,295) | 11.3 (755) | 11.8 (83) | 10.7 (6) | 9.7 (6) |
| Depression/anxiety | 3.1 (2,491) | 6.8 (455) | 5.1 (36) | 8.9 (5) | 3.2 (2) |
| Metabolic disorders (diabetes, high cholesterol)1 |
8.9 (7,080) | 11.8 (788) | 8.6 (61) | 12.5 (7) | 16.1 (10) |
| Cardiovascular conditions (high blood pressure, stroke)2 |
4.8 (3,821) | 7.2 (477) | 4.8 (34) | 11.3 (7) | 7.1 (4) |
| Liver disease | 3.4 (2,737) | 4.8 (323) | 4.4 (31) | 3.6 (2) | 9.7 (6) |
| Kidney disease | 2.5 (1,990) | 4.0 (270) | 3.1 (22) | 3.6 (2) | 1.6 (1) |
| Cancers (liver, lung, digestive, breast, others) |
0.6 (458) | 0.8 (54) | 0.7 (5) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) |
Notes:
1
The ratio of high cholesterol to diabetes was approximately 9 to 1.
2
The ratio of high blood pressure to stroke were approximately 7 to 1.