Table 3. Crude, age-sex adjusted Odd Ratios (ORs) and Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs) by levels of hearing impairment and selected health outcomes for cohort members.

Levels of hearing impairment	Poor self-assessed health	Poor psychological health	Metabolic disorders	Cardiovascular conditions
Crude ORs
Good (n = 79,640)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Some trouble (n = 7,376)	2.71 [2.50-2.95]	2.25 [2.12-2.39]	1.33 [1.23-1.43]	1.47 [1.34-1.62]
Deaf (n = 118)	2.94 [1.65-5.24]	2.26 [1.45-3.48]	1.72 [1.03-2.88]	2.03 [1.09-3.79]
Age-sex adjusted ORs
Good (n = 79,640)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Some trouble (n = 7,376)	2.70 [2.48-2.93]	2.25 [2.12-2.39]	1.39 [1.28-1.51]	1.49 [1.35-1.65]
Deaf (n = 118)	3.08 [1.73-5.50]	2.43 [1.56-3.77]	1.43 [0.82-2.50]	1.67 [0.87-3.19]
Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs)%*
Some trouble (n = 7,376)	12.6	9.6	3.2	4.0
Deaf (n = 118)	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1
Overall (n = 7,494)	12.9	9.8	3.3	4.1

^*Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs) tells us the proportion of the disease or condition that would not occur if no one in the population had the risk factor. For example, 12.9% of poor self-assessed health would not occur if there was no ‘trouble hearing’ or ‘deafness’ in the population.