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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 25.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Pharm. 2012 Jul 25;9(8):2187–2196. doi: 10.1021/mp300037t

Figure 5. The effect of US peak negative pressure on gene transfer efficiency of luciferase plasmid with MBs injected through portal vein branch and correlation between luciferase expression of treated lobe and aminotransferase levels (ALT & AST).

Figure 5

US exposure was performed on the medial lobe of rat liver under various acoustic negative pressures of 0–3.3 MPa peak negative pressure (1.1 MHz, 20 cycle pulses, 13.9 Hz PRF, and 90 sec total exposure, the first 45 sec of which were coincident with injection of 150 µg pGL4 and 15 Vol% Definity® toward median lobe). Closed circles and left vertical axis: Luciferase expression. Open symbols and right vertical axis: Liver damage produced by US exposure was assessed by alanine transaminase (ALT; open squares) and aspartate transaminase (AST; open triangles) levels with plasma collected at 24 hours after treatment. Error bars indicate SEM (n=7–9).