eTable 1.

Explant valve necropsy observations

Valve Type	Animal ID Number	Pericardial Adhesions	Valve Conduit wall	Valve sinus wall	Valve cusps	Histologic inflammatory response score
Porcine Glutaraldehyde1	1	moderately severe	stiff	stiff, thick	very stiff, thick	marked
	2	severe	rigid	stiff, thick	stiff, thick	marked
Papio Cryopreserved	3	moderate	stiff, nodular suture line	nodules, scarring	thin	mild
	4	severe	scarring at suture lines	stiff, thick	thick, contracted	marked
Human Cryopreserved	5	moderately severe	no scar	no scar or calcium	thin, normal	marked
	6	moderate	no scar	stiff, thick	stiff, thickened	marked
Papio 10 wk implant	7	mild	normal	normal	thin, normal	minimal – mild
	8	mild	normal	normal	thin, normal	minimal – mild
	9	mild	normal	fibrin deposits	thin, normal	minimal – mild
Human 10 wk implant	10	moderate	thickened	inflammatory adventitia	slightly thickened	marked
	11	mild	normal	normal	thin, normal	moderate
	12	moderate	small nodule at STJ2	normal to slight thickening	thin, pliable	marked
Human 6 mo implant	13	mild	normal	normal	thin, normal	moderate
	14	mild	normal	normal	thin, normal	minimal – mild

Porcine glutaraldehyde, papio cryopreserved and human cryopreserved valves are reference valves while papio 10 week, human 10 week and human 6 month implant valves are bioengineered valves.

¹Porcine glutaraldehyde valve inflammatory infiltrates were limited to the adventitia only.

²STJ = sino-tubular junction.