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. 2012 Nov 20;137(4):317–325. doi: 10.1111/imm.12012

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Increased HLA-E protein expression in early active lesions. HLA-E protein expression was assessed in individual lesions divided into active or chronic active lesions (a). There was a significant difference (analysis of variance; P = 0.006) in HLA-E expression in active lesions (1.16 ± 0.31) compared with chronic active lesions (0.33 ± 0.12) and controls (0.25 ± 0.06). HLA-E protein expression was also more pronounced in cases that presented more post-mortem early active lesions based on neuropathological assessment (b; P = 0.024; Mann–Whitney U-test; out of 12 cases, five were negative and seven were positive for presence of early active lesions). Finally (c), when correlated with degree of inflammation scores (0–5) attributed to the 12 multiple sclerosis (MS) cases as described in the Materials and methods, there was a positive correlation with HLA-E protein expression (Spearman r = 0.71; P < 0.01). Higher levels of HLA-E protein expression correlated with higher degrees of inflammation scores suggesting a direct relation between levels of central nervous system inflammation and HLA-E expression. *P < 0.05.