Fig. 3.

Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in former plasma donors (FPDs) with different disease progressions. (a) ADCC response was identified by intracellular expression of CD107a or interferon (IFN)-γ in natural killer (NK) cells (gated CD14⁻CD3⁻CD56⁺) using flow cytometry. (b) In response to stimulation by HIV-1 viral envelope peptides, CD107a and IFN-γ expression was significantly lower in non-controllers compared to elite controllers in FPDs. (c) Among men who have sex with men (MSM), CD107a and IFN-γ expression was lower in individuals infected for < 1 year compared to those at 1–3 years or > 3 years of infection. (d) ADCC responses were correlated positively with CD16 expression levels in FPDs. (e) There was a general inverse trend between ADCC responses and CD158a expression in FPDs.