Table 1.
Definitions of metabolic syndrome.
| WHO [3] | IDF [23] | AHA/NHLBI [21] | ATP III [5] | Japanese consensus [22] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Impaired glucose regulation or hyperinsulinemia and more than two factors | WC and two or more risk factors | at least 3 of | Three or more of: | WC and two or more risk factors | |
| Abdominal obesity | Waist: hip ratio ≥ 0.85 or BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | waist circumference at least 94 cm for Europoid men or 80 cm for Europoid women 90 cm for South Asian and South-East Asian men or 80 cm for South Asian and South-East Asian women 85 cm for Japanese men or 90 cm for Japanese women |
WC (102 cm (40 inches) or higher in men 88 cm (35 inches) or higher in women) |
Men: WC ≥ 102 cm Women: WC ≥88 cm |
Men: WC ≥ 85 cm Women: WC ≥90 cm |
| Impaired glucose regulation | Fasting plasma ≥ 6.1 mmol/L or 2 h postglucose load ≥ 7.8 mmol/L | Fasting plasma ≥ 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or previously diagnosed type 2 DM | Fasting plasma ≥ 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or previously diagnosed type 2 DM | 110–126 mg/dL (6.1–7.0 mmol/L) | Fasting plasma ≥ 110 mg/dL |
| Hyperinsulinemia | Fasting serum insulin > 1/3rd quartile for control group | Not included | Not included | Not included | Not included |
| Triglycerides | ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) | ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) | ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) | ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) | ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or treatment for same |
| HDL concentration | Not included | Men: <40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L) Women: <50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) |
Men: <40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L) Women: <50 mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L) |
Men: <40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L) Women: <50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) |
<40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L) |
| Hypertension | ≥140/90 mmHg | ≥130/≥85 mmHg or treatment for same | elevated blood pressure 130/85 mmHg or higher or on medication | ≥130/≥80 mm Hg | ≥130/≥85 mm Hg or treatment for same |
| Microalbuminuria | Albumin/creatinine ratio > 30 mg/g |
Not included | Not included | Not included | Not included |
WHO: World Health Organization; IDF: International Diabetes Federation; NHLBI: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; AHA: American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; ATP III: Adult Treatment Panel III, report of the National Cholesterol Education; WC: waist circumference; BMI: body mass index; DM: diabetes mellitus; HDL: high-density lipoprotein.