Table 2.
Metabolic syndrome and gastrointestinal disease.
| Reference | Year | Patients no. | Definitions of metabolic syndrome | Relative risk (RR) or odds ratios (OR) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorectal cancer | Pelucchi et al. [24] | 2010 | 1378 | IDF criteria | Men: OR, 2.09 (95% CI, 1.38–3.18) |
<0.001 |
| >3 components | Women: OR, 1.15 (95% CI, 0.68–1.94) |
P = 0.22 | ||||
| Ahmed et al. [25] | 2006 | 194 | ATP III | Men: RR, 1.78 ( 95% CI, 1.0–3.6) |
||
| >3 components or more | Women: RR, 1.16 ( 95% CI, 0.6–2.2) |
|||||
| Nonalcholic fatty liver disease | Hamaguchi et al. [26] | 2005 | 816 | Presence of the metabolic syndrome | Men: OR, 4.00 (95% CI, 2.63–6.08) |
<0.001 |
| ATP III | Women: OR, 11.20 (95% CI, 4.85–25.87) |
<0.001 | ||||
| liver fibrosis | Marchesini et al. [27] | 2003 | 304 | ATP III | OR, 3.5 (95% CI, 1.1–11.2) |
P = 0.032 |
| NASH | Marchesini et al. [27] | 2003 | 304 | ATP III | OR, 3.2 (95% CI, 1.2–8.9) |
P = 0.26 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) | Welzel et al. [28] | 2011 | 3649 | ATP III | OR, 2.13; (95% CI = 1.96–2.31) |
P < 0.0001 |
| Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma | Welzel et al. [28] | 2011 | 743 | ATP III | OR, 1.56; (95% CI = 1.32–1.83) |
P < 0.0001 |