Table 3.

Main Results and Results From Sensitivity Analyses, 1966–2011

Variable	All Trials			Trials With ≥70% Completion Rate			Trials ≥With 20 Participants per Group			Trials With Healthy Participantsa
	No. of Trials	Net Change	95% CI	No. of Trials	Net Change	95% CI	No. of Trials	Net Change	95% CI	No. of Trials	Net Change	95% CI
Weight, kg	22	−1.0	−2.2, 0.2	12	−1.3	−2.8, 0.2	19	−1.3	−2.5, −0.1	18	−1.4	−2.6, −0.2
WC, cm	10	−0.1	−0.6, 0.4	8	−0.3	−1.0, 0.5	8	−0.2	−0.7, 0.3	8	−0.2	−0.7, 0.3
TC, mg/dL	15	2.7	0.8, 4.6	9	3.5	0.1, 6.9	14	3.3	1.0, 5.5	13	2.7	0.6, 4.9
LDL, mg/dL	19	3.7	1.0, 6.4	11	2.8	0.3, 5.3	18	3.7	1.0, 6.4	17	3.6	0.7, 6.4
HDL, mg/dL	19	3.3	1.9, 4.7	11	3.0	1.9, 4.1	18	3.4	1.9, 4.8	17	3.3	1.9, 4.8
TC:HDL ratio	5	−0.1	−0.3, 0.1	1	−0.5	−0.8, −0.1	5	−0.1	−0.3, 0.1	5	−0.1	−0.3, 0.1
TG, mg/dL	20	−14.0	−19.4, −8.7	12	−11.2	−16.9, −5.5	19	−13.4	−18.7, −8.1	18	−13.6	−19.2, −8.0
SBP, mmHg	18	−1.0	−3.5, 1.5	10	−0.1	−2.5, 2.3	17	−1.4	−3.9, 1.2	17	−1.6	−4.2, 1.0
DBP, mmHg	18	−0.7	−1.6, 0.2	10	−1.1	−2.4, 0.2	17	−0.8	−1.7, 0.2	17	−0.8	−1.7, 0.2
Glucose, mg/dL	14	−0.3	−1.9, 1.3	10	−0.6	−2.7, 1.4	13	−0.4	−2.1, 1.4	13	−0.4	−2.1, 1.4
Insulin, IU/mL	12	−0.1	−0.8, 0.6	8	−0.1	−1.0, 0.8	10	−0.1	−0.9, 0.7	10	−0.3	−0.9, 0.7

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; WC, waist circumference.

^a Trials with participants who had breast cancer, polycystic ovary syndrome, or coronary heart disease or who had undergone gastric bypass surgery were excluded.