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. 2012 Dec 26;7(12):e52202. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052202

Table 2. Mean (M) and peak (P) as well as the sum (S) of the braking (Fy−) and propulsive (Fy+) forces in %BW for the sound condition and when lameness was induced in the right forelimb (Fi) in the trotting Beagles.

sound lame sound lame
Fc Fi
PFy− 14.7±2.2 19.4±2.9 * 13.7±1.0 7.4±2.6 *
MFy− 8.4±1.2 10.8±1.7 * 7.8±0.9 3.6±1.5 *
SFy− 505.9±100.5 738.4±172.3 * 465.5±61.9 215.5±96.0 *
TPFy− 31.8±3.4 31.5±3.0 n.s. 31.0±1.8 18.7±8.1 *
TFy− 61.3±3.7 67.0±5.9 * 59.9±3.0 58.3±4.7 n.s.
PFy+ 4.6±1.0 5.6±2.2 n.s. 5.4±1.6 3.9±1.5 n.s.
MFy+ 2.7±0.6 3.0±1.3 n.s. 3.2±1.0 2.2±1.0 n.s.
SFy+ 107.9±28.9 109.0±60.9 n.s. 140.7±42.6 98.3±49.6 n.s.
TPFy+ 84.6±6.7 84.4±5.8 n.s. 85.0±8.1 82.7±7.9 n.s.
Hc Hi
PFy− 2.5±1.7 4.2±1.4 n.s. 2.2±1.1 4.1±1.7 *
MFy− 1.2±0.8 1.3±1.3 n.s. 1.0±0.6 2.0±1.5 n.s.
SFy− 31.9±32.1 28.8±31.1 n.s. 20.6±18.7 69.2±65.7 *
TPFy− 9.6±4.4 13.7±7.0 n.s. 8.8±6.5 12.7±5.8 n.s.
TFy− 27.7±9.8 24.3±5.5 n.s. 25.3±9.2 32.3±9.9 *
PFy+ 9.1±1.1 12.6±1.3 * 9.7±1.7 8.6±2.0 n.s.
MFy+ 5.1±1.0 7.2±0.8 * 5.3±1.1 5.0±1.5 n.s.
SFy+ 406.2±91.78 540.4±127.6 * 440.0±112.7 357.3±134.4 *
TPFy+ 66.0±8.4 59.4±7.0 n.s. 69.3±7.5 69.1±7.0 n.s.

Time to peak force (TPF) and the duration of the braking force (TFy−) are given in percent of stance duration. Significant differences between sound and lame conditions at * p<0.05; n.s. = not significant. Fi = ipsilateral forelimb, Fc = contralateral forelimb, Hi = ipsilateral hindlimb, Hc = contralateral hindlimb.