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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2012 Sep 24;84(2):543–559. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01863.x

Table 3.

Means and Standard Deviations for FLTs & Language Measures

Baseline 12 Month 24 Month 36 Month

M SD M SD M SD M SD
Lower Level FLTs (%) 74.60 9.54 61.85 9.83 56.12 10.94 50.47 10.70
 Linguistic Mapping (%) 0.40 0.92 1.07 1.35 1.17 1.40 0.72 1.23
 Comments (%) 23.53 7.62 15.91 5.63 12.61 6.01 11.88 6.35
 Imitation (%) 0.33 0.58 2.53 2.27 2.76 2.30 2.97 2.20
 Label (%) 6.90 4.79 4.80 3.77 2.54 2.71 2.20 2.56
 Directive (%) 26.81 12.70 21.97 9.46 19.13 9.77 15.34 9.38
 Closed-Ended Question (%) 16.63 8.02 15.57 5.95 17.91 6.47 17.92 6.63
Higher Level FLTs (%) 24.68 9.71 37.87 9.86 43.65 11.09 49.31 10.66
 Open-Ended Question (%) 6.37 4.09 10.70 6.02 12.71 6.65 15.83 6.46
 Expansion (%) 0.02 0.11 0.76 1.19 1.60 1.44 1.98 1.55
 Expatiation (%) 0.01 0.07 0.53 0.81 0.72 0.73 1.03 1.05
 Recast (%) 0.00 0.04 0.94 1.38 3.87 3.05 5.54 4.00
 Parallel Talk (%) 18.27 9.43 24.92 9.03 24.75 9.32 24.50 9.32
Parent Utterances 105.99 42.98 118.50 32.48 113.12 33.89 108.10 30.00
Number of Different Word Types 88.60 30.85 106.54 30.10 119.60 32.83 128.55 33.50
Mean Length of Utterance 2.94 1.22 3.07 0.69 3.28 0.80 3.55 0.83