Fig. 1.

Structure of K⁺-Cl⁻ cotransporters. A: hypothetical model of human K⁺-Cl⁻ cotransporter-2 (KCC2) where branched lines are potential N-linked glycosylation sites and secondary structural elements are displayed as helices (α-helical) and wavy lines (β-sheet). Color of individual amino acid residues indicate degree of similarity on a per residue basis between human KCC2 and human KCC4: red residues are identical and black residues are absent from human KCC4 (figure was kindly provided by Bliss Forbush using DNAPLOT). B: amino acid alignment of vertebrate KCC2 and KCC4 isoforms over exon 22 of KCC2.