Table 2.
Significantly mutated genes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
| Gene symbol | Gene name and protein function | SB mutagenesis* | shRNA† |
|---|---|---|---|
| KRAS | Oncogene; GTPase; activation of MAPK activity | Yes | Yes |
| TP53 | Tumour suppressor p53; DNA damage response | – | Yes |
| CDKN2A | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A; G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle; tumour suppressor | Yes | – |
| SMAD4 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homologue 4; BMP signalling pathway | Yes | Yes |
| MLL3 | Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukaemia protein 3; DNA binding; regulation of transcription | Yes | Yes |
| TGFBR2 | Transforming growth factor-β receptor type II; regulation of growth | Yes | – |
| ARID1A | AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A; SWI/SNF complex; chromatin modification | Yes | Yes |
| ARID2 | AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 2; chromatin modification | Yes | – |
| EPC1 | Enhancer of polycomb homologue 1; histone acetylation | Yes | – |
| ATM | Ataxia telangiectasia mutated; DNA damage response | – | Yes |
| SF3B1 | Splicing factor 3B subunit 1; nuclear mRNA splicing | – | Yes |
| ZIM2 | Zinc finger imprinted 2; regulation of transcription | – | Yes |
| MAP2K4 | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; Toll-like receptor signalling pathway | Yes | Yes |
| NALCN | Sodium leak channel non-selective protein; sodium channel activity | – | Yes |
| SLC16A4 | Solute carrier family 16 member 4; monocarboxylate transporter | – | Yes |
| MAGEA6 | Melanoma-associated antigen 6; protein binding | – | ND |