Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics by Gender.
| Variable | Total n = 1026 | Female n = 167 | Male n = 859 | P-value (F vs M) |
| Age (at time of Questionnaire) | 47 (41–53) | 41 (34–49) | 48 (42–54) | <.0001 |
| Risk Factor (not mutually exclusive) | ||||
| MSM | 698 (68.0%) | - | 698 (81.3%) | - |
| IDU | 69 (6.7%) | 10 (6.0%) | 59 (6.9%) | 0.68 |
| Heterosexual contact | 304 (29.6%) | 161 (96.4%) | 143 (16.6%) | <.0001 |
| Blood product/Other | 88 (8.6%) | 21 (12.6%) | 67 (7.8%) | 0.04 |
| Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual | 702 (68.8%) | 8 (4.8%) | 694 (81.3%) | <.0001 |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| White | 641 (62.5%) | 57 (34.1%) | 584 (68.0%) | <.0001 |
| Black/African | 170 (16.6%) | 84 (50.3%) | 86 (10.0%) | |
| Aboriginal | 60 (5.8%) | 8 (4.8%) | 52 (6.1%) | |
| Asian/Latin-American/Unspecified | 155 (15.1%) | 18 (10.8%) | 137 (15.9%) | |
| Country of Origin | ||||
| Canada | 614 (59.9%) | 58 (34.9%) | 556 (64.7%) | <.0001 |
| High HIV-prevalent country (Endemic) | 195 (19.0%) | 87 (52.4%) | 108 (12.6%) | |
| Non-Endemic | 216 (21.1%) | 21 (12.7%) | 195 (22.7%) | |
| Immigration Status | ||||
| Canadian-Born | 614 (59.9%) | 58 34.9%) | 556 (64.7%) | <.0001 |
| Canadian Citizen | 305 (29.8%) | 68 (41.0%) | 237 (27.6%) | |
| Landed/Permanent Resident | 72 (7.10%) | 27 (16.3%) | 45 (5.2%) | |
| Other | 34 (3.3%) | 13 (7.8%) | 21 (2.4%) | |
| Years since Immigration | 22 (12–32) | 12 (7–22) | 22 (12–37) | <.0001 |
| Education | ||||
| Less than High School | 129 (12.6%) | 29 (17.4%) | 100 (11.6%) | <.01 |
| Completed High School | 192 (18.7%) | 35 (21.0%) | 157 (18.3%) | |
| Some college/technical school/university | 180 (17.5%) | 23 (13.8%) | 157 (18.3%) | |
| Completed college/technical school | 228 (22.2%) | 49 (29.3%) | 179 (20.8%) | |
| Completed university/Post-graduate | 297 (28.9%) | 31 (18.6%) | 266 (31.0%) | |
| Employment Status | ||||
| Employed FT/PT | 481 (47.0%) | 77 (46.1%) | 404 (47.1%) | 0.25 |
| Student/Retired/Disability | 454 (44.3%) | 70 (41.9%) | 384 (44.8%) | |
| Unemployed | 89 (8.7%) | 20 (12.0%) | 69 (8.1%) | |
| Personal Income < $20,000/year | 425 (42.2%) | 81 (50.0%) | 344 (40.7%) | 0.03 |
| Live in Toronto | 791 (80.8%) | 117 (76.0%) | 674 (81.7%) | 0.11 |
| Housing | ||||
| House/Apartment/Condo | 986 (96.3%) | 161 (96.4%) | 825 (96.3%) | 0.39 |
| Room/Housing Facility | 30 (2.9%) | 6 (3.6%) | 24 (2.8%) | |
| Homeless | 8 (0.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (1.0%) | |
| Alcohol/Drug Use | ||||
| Never | 272 (26.5%) | 66 (39.5%) | 206 (24.0%) | <.0001 |
| Monthly or less | 243 (23.7%) | 53 (31.7%) | 190 (22.1%) | |
| 2–4 times a month | 233 (22.7%) | 30 (18.0%) | 203 (23.6%) | |
| 2–3 times a week | 139 (13.5%) | 13 (7.8%) | 126 (14.7%) | |
| 4 or more times a week | 139 (13.5%) | <6 (<3.6%) | 134 (15.6%) | |
| Any cannabis in the last 12 months | 367 (35%) | 32 (19.2%) | 335 (39.1%) | <.0001 |
| Any non-medicinal drug use in the last 6 months | 171 (16.7%) | 13 (7.8%) | 158 (18.4%) | <.01 |
| Clinical Characteristics | ||||
| Years since HIV diagnosis | 12 (6–17) | 8 (5–14) | 12 (6–17) | <.0001 |
| CD4 cell count | 460 (317–637) | 474 (300–665) | 456 (318–632) | 0.76 |
| Undetectable Viral Load | 766 (74.7%) | 116 (69.5%) | 650 (75.7%) | 0.09 |
| Any AIDS defining condition | 367 (35.8%) | 64 (38.3%) | 303 (35.3%) | 0.45 |
| Hepatitis B | 107 (10.4%) | 11 (6.6%) | 96 (11.2%) | 0.08 |
| Hepatitis C | 63 (6.1%) | 8 (4.8%) | 55 (6.4%) | 3 |
| ARV Use/Adherence | ||||
| No ARV | 141 (13.8%) | 37 (22.2%) | 104 (12.2%) | <.001 |
| On ARV: No missed doses | 754 (73.8%) | 107 (64.1%) | 647 (75.8%) | |
| On ARV: Missed at least 1 dose in past 4 days. | 126 (12.3%) | 23 (13.8%) | 103 (12.1%) | |
Footnote. MSM = men who have sex with men, IDU = injection drug use, employed FT/PT = employed full-time/part-time, ARV = antiretroviral.