TABLE 1.
MIC range and defined resistance determinants of various gram-positive pathogens
| Species | Resistance determinant(s) | n | Antibiotic | MIC range (μg/ml) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Staphylococcus aureus | mecA | 38 | Daptomycin | 0.03-0.5 |
| Oxacillin | >8->8 | |||
| Ser80Phe/Glu88Lysa | 14 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.5 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 8->8 | |||
| Ser80Phe/Ser84Leu | 13 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.5 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 4->8 | |||
| Ser80Tyr/Glu88Lys | 9 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.5 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 8->8 | |||
| Ser80Tyr/Ser84Leu | 13 | Daptomycin | 0.06-0.5 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 8->8 | |||
| tetK | 18 | Daptomycin | 0.06-1 | |
| tetM | 18 | Daptomycin | 0.06-0.25 | |
| tetK+tetM | 7 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.5 | |
| Enterococcus faecalis | vanA | 7 | Daptomycin | 0.5-4 |
| Teicoplanin | 32->64 | |||
| Vancomycin | 256->256 | |||
| aph(3′)IIIa | 4 | Daptomycin | 0.5-1 | |
| Gentamicin | >500->500 | |||
| aac(6′)-aph2" | 11 | Daptomycin | 0.5-2 | |
| Gentamicin | >500->500 | |||
| aac(6′)-aph2" + aph(3′)IIIa | 17 | Daptomycin | 0.5-8 | |
| Gentamicin | >500->500 | |||
| Enterococcus faecium | vanA | 27 | Daptomycin | 0.25-8 |
| Teicoplanin | 8->64 | |||
| Vancomycin | 64->256 | |||
| aph(3′)IIIa | 2 | Daptomycin | 4-4 | |
| Gentamicin | >500->500 | |||
| aac(6′)-aph2" | 5 | Daptomycin | 4-8 | |
| Gentamicin | >500->500 | |||
| aac(6′)-aph2" + aph(3′)IIIa | 9 | Daptomycin | 0.5-8 | |
| Gentamicin | >500->500 | |||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | nc/nc/nc/ncb | 2 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.12 |
| Levofloxacin | 1-1 | |||
| nc/nc/nc/Ile460Val | 5 | Daptomycin | 0.12-1 | |
| Levofloxacin | 1 | |||
| Ser81Phe/Ser79Phe/nc/nc | 12 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.25 | |
| Levofloxacin | 4->8 | |||
| Ser81Tyr/Ser79Phe/nc/Ile460Val | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.12 | |
| Levofloxacin | 4 | |||
| Ser81Phe/Asp83Asn/nc/nc | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.25 | |
| Levofloxacin | 8 | |||
| Ser81Phe/Asp83Asn/nc/Ile460Val | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.06 | |
| Levofloxacin | 8 | |||
| tetM | 12 | Daptomycin | 0.12-1 | |
| ermB | 9 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.12 | |
| Clindamycin | >1->1 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2->2/PICK> | |||
| mefE | 7 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.25 | |
| Erythromycin | >2->2 | |||
| tetM+ermB | 7 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.25 | |
| Erythromycin | >2->2 | |||
| tetM+mefE | 6 | Daptomycin | 0.06-0.25 | |
| Erythromycin | >2->2 | |||
| Streptococcus mitis | nc/nc/nc/ncc | 3 | Daptomycin | 0.5-1 |
| Levofloxacin | 1-1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 0.06->2 | |||
| nc/nc/Ser494Thr/nc | 5 | Daptomycin | 1-8 | |
| Levofloxacin | 1-1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 0.06->2 | |||
| Ser81Phe/Ser79Ile/Ser494Thr/nc | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.5 | |
| Levofloxacin | 4 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| Ser81Phe/Ser79Phe/nc/nc | 1 | Daptomycin | 2 | |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| Ser81Tyr/Ser79Ile/nc/nc | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.25 | |
| Levofloxacin | 8 | |||
| Erythromycin | 2 | |||
| Ser81Tyr/Ser79Ile/Ser494Thr/nc | 1 | Daptomycin | 1 | |
| Levofloxacin | 2 | |||
| Erythromycin | 2 | |||
| Streptococcus sanguis | nc/nc/nc/nc | 1 | Daptomycin | 2 |
| Levofloxacin | 1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 0.03 | |||
| nc/nc/Ser494/Thrnc | 2 | Daptomycin | 1-1 | |
| Levofloxacin | 1-1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 0.03->2 | |||
| Ser81Phe/Ser79Ile/nc/nc | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.5 | |
| Levofloxacin | 1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 0.03 | |||
| Streptococcus agalactiae | ermA | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.25 |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| ermA+ermTR | 2 | Daptomycin | 0.25-0.5 | |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25->1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 2->2 | |||
| ermA+ermC+ermTR | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.25 | |
| Clindamycin | >1 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| ermB | 3 | Daptomycin | 0.06-0.25 | |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25->1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 1->2 | |||
| Streptococcus bovis | ermB | 11 | Daptomycin | 0.03-0.12 |
| Clindamycin | 1->1 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2->2 | |||
| ermB+ermC | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.06 | |
| Clindamycin | >1 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| ermB+ermTR | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.03 | |
| Clindamycin | >1 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| Streptococcus equisimilis | ermB+ermTR | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.06 |
| Clindamycin | >1 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| ermC+ermTR | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.03 | |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| Streptococcus intermedius | ermB+ermTR | 1 | Daptomycin | 1 |
| Clindamycin | >1 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| Streptococcus mitis | ermA+mefA | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.5 |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25 | |||
| Erythromycin | 2 | |||
| ermB | 5 | Daptomycin | 0.5-2 | |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25->1 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2->2 | |||
| mefA | 5 | Daptomycin | 0.25-1 | |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25-≤0.25 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2->2 | |||
| Streptococcus oralis | mefA | 4 | Daptomycin | 0.5-2 |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25-≤0.25 | |||
| Erythromycin | 2->2 | |||
| Streptococcus pyogenes | ermB | 2 | Daptomycin | 0.03-0.06 |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25->1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 2->2 | |||
| ermTR | 2 | Daptomycin | 0.06-0.06 | |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25-≤0.25 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2->2 | |||
| mefA | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.03 | |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 | |||
| Streptococcus salivarius | ermB | 2 | Daptomycin | 0.12-0.12 |
| Clindamycin | 1->1 | |||
| Erythromycin | 2->2 | |||
| mefA | 1 | Daptomycin | 0.12 | |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.25 | |||
| Erythromycin | >2 |
a
Mutations in grlA/gyrA of S. aureus, respectively.
b
Mutations in gyrA/gyrB/parC/parE of S. pneumoniae, respectively. nc, no change in amino acids
c
Mutations in gyrA/gyrB/parC/parE of other streptococci, respectively.