Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B

	"Switch/combination" group2 (n = 75)	"Add-on" group3 (n = 79)	P value1
Age (yr)	43.3 ± 10.2	47.6 ± 12.9	0.022
Male gender	56 (74.7)	53 (67.1)	0.301
BMI (kg/m2)	24.1 ± 5.1	23.8 ± 3.2	0.583
Positive for HBeAg	57 (76.0)	53 (67.1)	0.221
Positive for anti-HBe	19 (25.3)	25 (31.6)	0.386
HBV DNA (log10 IU/mL)	6.75 ± 0.93	6.94 ± 1.08	0.233
AST (IU/L)	148.7 ± 134.5	141.1 ± 148.3	0.742
ALT (IU/L)	230.1 ± 213.4	199.5 ± 191.8	0.351
Albumin (g/dL)	4.4 ± 0.5	4.3 ± 0.6	0.166
ALP (IU/L)	83.4 ± 37.6	76.8 ± 27.6	0.211
GGT (IU/L)	60.5 ± 42.9	67.1 ± 71.1	0.494
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.2 ± 0.9	1.4 ± 1.9	0.425
Prothrombin time (INR)	1.16 ± 0.29	1.15 ± 0.19	0.825
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	14.5 ± 1.8	14.2 ± 1.7	0.345
WBC (/mm3)	5279 ± 1771	4972 ± 1374	0.233
Platelet (× 103/mm3)	156 ± 68	145 ± 69	0.283
BUN (mg/dL)	12.5 ± 3.1	13.1 ± 4.4	0.325
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.97 ± 0.15	0.92 ± 0.20	0.110
Duration of prior lamivudine treatment (mo)	28.7 ± 13.6	28.3 ± 15.5	0.886
Cirrhosis	25 (33.3)	40 (50.6)	0.030

All values are expressed as mean ± SD or number of patients (%).

¹P values were calculated using the two-sample t test for continuous variables and the χ² test for categorical variables;

²Lamivudine was first switched to adefovir dipivoxil (adefovir), and then lamivudine was re-added later as needed in cases of primary non-response, inadequate response or virologic breakthrough;

³Adefovir was added to ongoing lamivudine treatment due to lamivudine resistance. BMI: Body mass index; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e Antigen; Anti-Hbe: Antibody to HBeAg; HBV DNA: Hepatitis B virus DNA; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; GGT: γ glutamyl transpeptidase; INR: International normalized ratio; WBC: White blood cell; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen.