Figure 3.

Dose Response of Seedlings to Al and the Relative Expression of XTH31.

(A) One-centimeter-long seedlings were selected and grown in agar medium containing 0 to 150 µM Al³⁺ for 24 h. Root length was measured before and after treatment. The percentages shown in the last two bars are the root elongation of the wild type and mutant relative to the respective Al-untreated controls. Data are means ± sd (n = 10).

(B) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of XTH31 expression in Col-0 roots exposed to 0 to 150 µM Al³⁺ for 24 h. The y axis shows XTH31 RNA levels normalized to that of the control (0 µM Al³⁺). Values are mean ± sd (n = 3). The asterisks show significant differences between control and Al treatments at P < 0.05 by Student’s t test.