Figure 8.
Alleviation of Al Toxicity by Xyloglucan in Col-0.
(A) Root growth in the presence (Al) or absence (-Al) of Al treated with or without xyloglucan. Seedlings with a root length of ∼1 cm were transferred to plates containing 0 or 50 µM Al, with or without 2 µg mL−1 xyloglucan, and grown for a further 24 h. Root length was measured before and after treatment. Data are means ± sd (n = 10). The asterisk shows a significant effect of Al at P < 0.05 by Student’s t test.
(B) Morin staining of the roots treated with or without xyloglucan in the presence of Al according to (A). Red bar = 100 µm.
(C) Al content in roots treated with or without xyloglucan in the presence of Al. The asterisk shows a significant difference at P < 0.05 by Student’s t test. FW, fresh weight.
(D) Al content in the cell wall treated with or without xyloglucan in the presence of Al. The asterisk shows a significant difference at P < 0.05 by Student’s t test.
(E) Al adsorption kinetics of isolated cell walls treated with or without xyloglucan. Cell wall material was extracted from Al-untreated roots that had grown for 24 h in the presence or absence of xyloglucan. Dry cell wall material was placed in a 2-mL column and kinetics were monitored as previously described (Zheng et al., 2004).
(F) Relative expression of XTH31 in the Col-0 root treated with or without xyloglucan in the presence of Al, as determined by RT-PCR. The asterisk shows a significant difference at P < 0.05 by Student’s t test. Data are means ± sd. n = 3.