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Simplified illustration of the cortical-striatal circuit in ENT1 null mice. (A) During ethanol withdrawal, medial prefrontal cortical γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels are reduced potentially leading to increased (dotted arrow) accumbal glutamate levels, which may result in increased ethanol craving and drinking behaviors. (B) Interestingly, acamprosate normalizes these changes in the mPFC and NAc possibly leading to a reduction of ethanol craving or drinking behavior.
