Table 1.

Contrasting quantitative microbial risk-assessment models and infectious disease-transmission models.

Modeling aspects	Quantitative microbial risk-assessment model	Dynamic transmission model
Non-linear dynamics	Usually no	Usually yes
Environmental sources	Yes	Usually no
Inclusion of uncertainty/stochasticity	Yes	Case-by-case basis (deterministic dynamical systems, stochastic, hybrid models)
Time scale	Days	Weeks to months
Population size	Thousands (music festival) to millions (Hajj pilgrimage)	Hundred thousands to millions
Population density	High	Low to high
Model structure	Spatial-temporal network (Summer Olympics); confined space (Army barracks)	Age-structured, random-mixing populations; patch models; household-level models; large-scale individual-level models
Stochastic disease extinction	Yes	Unlikely
Endemicity	No	Yes
Contribution of super-spreading events	High	Low to moderate