Table 3. Primer pairs for quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).

Gene	Source of sequence	Primer Sequence	Size (bp)	PCR Efficiencies
Vitellogenin	ABB89953	F: 5′-ATTCGGAACGTGCATTTGCTGCA-3′	188	96.2%
		R: 5′-GTTCTCAAGCATTGTGACAGGATT-3′
Dmc1	Leelatanawit et al., 2008	F: 5′-ATGTGCGAGAAGCGAAGGC-3′	150	96.8%
		R: 5′-GCAGAGAGTGTGGGAGATTTGTG-3′
EF-1α	Leelatanawit et al., 2008	F: 5′-TTCCGACTCCAAGAACGACC-3′	122	96.5%
		R: 5′-GAGCAGTGTGGCAATCAAGC-3′
GAPDH	AI770197	F: 5′-ACATCGTTGAGTCCACTGGTGTGTT-3′	103	98.7%
		R: 5′-GCATCGGCAGAAGGAGCGG-3′
β-actin	Qiu et al., 2008	F: 5′- GCCCTTGCTCCTTCCACTATC-3′	143	99.0%
		R: 5′- CCGGACTCTTCGTACTCATCCT-3′
18S rRNA	Jarasrassamee et al., 2005	F: 5′-GAGACGGCTACCACATCTAAG -3′	182	97.6%
		R: 5′- ATACGCTAGTGGAGCTGGA-3′