Table 1.

Baseline demographic characteristics and performance on individual tests

	Healthy control (n=229)	Mild cognitive impairment (n=397)	P-value for group differences
Age [M (SD)]	76.0 (5.0)	74.9 (7.5)	0.04
Years of education [M (SD)]	16.0 (2.9)	15.7 (3.0)	0.15
Sex, Male [n (%)]	119 (52.0)	256 (64.5)	<0.01
Race, White [n (%)]	210 (91.7)	371 (93.5)	0.30
Mini-Mental State Exam [M (SD)]	29.1 (1.0)	27.0 (1.8)	<0.001
Memory
AVLT Learning (Trial 5 - Trial 1) [M (SD)]	5.9 (2.3)	3.3 (2.4)	<0.001
AVLT Short Delay [M (SD)]	8.1 (3.4)	3.8 (3.1)	<0.001
AVLT Long 30 min. Delay [M (SD)]	7.4 (3.7)	2.8 (3.3)	<0.001
AVLT Recognition [M (SD)]	12.9 (2.5)	9.7 (3.7)	<0.001
ADAS-Cog Delayed Recall [M (SD)]	2.9 (1.7)	6.2 (2.3)	<0.001
ADAS-Cog Recognition [M (SD)]	2.6 (2.3)	4.6 (2.7)	<0.001
Visuospatial ability
Clock Score [M (SD)]	4.9 (0.4)	4.6 (0.7)	<0.001
Clock Copy Score [M (SD)]	4.7 (0.7)	4.2 (1.0)	<0.001
ADAS-Cog Constructional Praxis [M (SD)]	0.4 (0.5)	0.6 (0.6)	<0.001
Language
Verbal Fluency - animals (1 min) [M (SD)]	19.9 (5.6)	15.9 (4.9)	<0.001
Verbal Fluency – vegetables (1 min) [M (SD)]	14.7 (3.9)	10.7 (3.5)	<0.001
Boston Naming Test, spontaneous recall [M (SD)]	27.3 (2.8)	25.1 (3.7)	<0.001
ADAS-Cog Naming, any incorrect [n (%)]	15 (6.6)	98 (24.7)	<0.001
Executive function/processing speed
Trails B - Trails A (time) [M (SD)]	50.1 (31.6)	73.7 (47.6)	<0.001
Trails A (time) [M (SD)]	36.4 (13.2)	0.0 (0.9)	<0.001
Number Cancellation [M (SD)]	24.7 (5.1)	43.0 (18.1)	<0.001
Digit Symbol [M (SD)]	45.3 (9.6)	36.7 (11.1)	<0.001
Attention
Digit Span Forward [M (SD)]	8.8 (2.0)	8.2 (2.0)	0.001
Digit Span Backward [M (SD)]	7.2 (2.0)	6.2 (1.9)	<0.001

M mean, SD standard deviation.