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. 2012 Dec 12;37(1):45–50. doi: 10.1007/s00264-012-1732-1

Table 2.

Mean hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) findings for follow-up cohort (n=100), including outliers beyond the ideal alignment of 180°

SD of Alignment
Mean±SD < 177° > 183° < 175° > 185° Outlier ±3° Outlier ±5°
HKA preop 175.5±5.6(163.5−195.4) 67 7 0 7 74 % 7 %
HKA postop 178.5±1.7(174.0−-183.4) 10 1 3 0 11 % 3 %

HKA hip-knee-ankle angle