. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Dec 31.

Published in final edited form as: Cell Death Differ. 2009 Jan;16(1):184–186. doi: 10.1038/cdd.2008.164

Table 1.

Direct comparison of various properties of proteins killing tumour cells

	Apoptin	HAMLET	TRAIL	MDA7	E4orf4	NS1	Brevinin-2R
Protein origin	Chicken anaemia virus	Complex between human milk protein α-lactalbumin and oleic acid	TNF family-related apoptosis-inducing ligand	IL-10 cytokine family member	Adenovirus type 2	Parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVM)	Rana ridibunda
Subcellular localization	Cytoplasm (normal cells) nucleus (cancer)	Cytoplasm (normal cells) nucleus (cancer)	Extracellular receptor binding	Extracellular receptor binding	Nucleus (early) cytoplasm (late)	Cytoplasm	Cytoplasm (lysosomes)
Mechanism of (tumour-selective) cell death	Apoptosis – intrinsic pathway	Apoptosis, autophagy	Apoptosis – extrinsic pathway	Apoptosis – extrinsic pathway	Apoptosis-like	Autophagy	Autophagy
p53-dependence	No	No	No	No	No	?	?
Therapeutic status	Preclinical studies	Phase I and II clinical trials	Phase I and II clinical trials	Phase I and II clinical trials	Preclinical studies	Preclinical studies	Preclinical studies