Fig. 3.

Extravasation of Gd-DPTA after volumetric BBB disruption in the putamen and visual cortex in monkey 4 (223 kPa). Volumes were targeted by systematically steering to different locations in a 3×3 grid during the sonication. (A) Axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image showing homogeneous Gd-DPTA extravasation in the putamen, but inhomogeneous delivery in the visual cortex locations (outlined). (B–C) Coronal and sagittal views of volumetric Gd-DPTA extravasation in putamen. Note that no effects were observed at the beam path or at the skull base. (D) T2-weighted image with the enhancing areas observed in the visual cortex in (A) superimposed. (E) Segmentation of (D) into white matter (dark gray), gray matter (light gray), and cerebral spinal fluid (white). The areas of enhancement overlapped almost perfectly with the gray matter components of the sonication. (F) Sagittal view of enhancement in visual cortex. (G) Same view in T2-weighted image (inset: segmentation) showing enhancement only in gray matter. Histology findings from the enhancing area indicated by the asterix in (A) are shown in Fig. 5G–J (scale bar: 1 cm)