Table 3.

Comparisons between patients with statin-induced lung injury with favourable and unfavourable outcome

Variable	Favourable outcome (N=10)	Unfavourable outcome (N=6)	p Value (univariable)	p Value (multivariable)
Age, years	65.6±13.4	75.0±6.3	0.147
Gender, M/F	8/2	3/3	0.242
Duration of statin treatment, months	32.2±31.0	31.0±44.3	0.958
Symptoms
Dyspnoea	9 (90.0)	6 (100.0)	0.625
Cough	8 (80.0)	1 (16.7)	0.024	0.011
Fever	6 (60.0)	0 (0.0)	0.026	0.005
Laboratory findings
Leucocytosis	2 (20.0)	3 (50.0)	0.714
Elevated CK	2/4 (50.0)	1/2 (50.0)	0.600
Impaired LFT	2/4 (50.0)	1/1 (100.0)	0.600
HRCT findings
Alveolar infiltrates	9 (90.0)	2 (16.7)	0.036	0.017
Consolidation	4 (40.0)	0 (0.0)	0.115	< 0.001
GGO	9 (90.0)	0 (0.0)	0.001	0.002
Unspecified	0 (0.0)	2 (16.7)	0.125
Interstitial infiltrates	2 (20.0)	0 (0.0)	0.375
Fibrosis	1 (10.0)	5 (83.3)	0.008
Pleural changes	3 (30.0)	0 (0.0)	0.214
Spirometry
Restrictive	4/7 (57.1)	2/3 (67.7)	0.667
Obstructive	2/7 (28.6)	1/3 (33.3)	0.708
Normal	1/7 (14.3)	0/3 (0.0)	0.383
DLCO, % of predicted	35.3±10.3	37.3±13.3	0.600
Lung biopsy
Fibrosis	2/5 (40.0)	2/3 (66.7)	0.500
HP	1/5 (20.0)	0/3 (0.0)	0.625
NSIP	2/5 (40.0)	0/3 (0.0)	0.357
DAD	0/5 (0.0)	2/3 (66.7)	0.107
BALF cytology
Foamy macrophages	4/8 (50.0)	0/2	0.333
Neutrophils, >3%	3/8 (37.5.)	2/2	0.467
Lymphocytes, >20%	2/8	0/2	0.622
Eosinophils, >0.5%	3/8	2/2	0.071

Data are expressed as mean±SD or n (%).

BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; CK, creatinine kinase; DAD, diffuse alveolar damage; DL_CO, carbon monoxide diffusion capacity; GGO, ground glass opacity; HP, hypersensitivity pneumonitis; HRCT, high-resolution CT; LFT, liver function test; NSIP, non-specific interstitial pneumonitis.