(A) DKO mice exhibited stronger cytoplasmic 8-oxoG IR in the striatum compared with WT mice. Sections were pretreated only with RNase. Upper panels: lower magnification, scale bar: 2 mm. Lower panels: higher magnification. Images were obtained using differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, scale bar: 20 μm. (B) Quantitative measurement of 8-oxoG IR in the striatum shown in A (n = 8 for each group). (C) Cytoplasmic 8-oxoG IR was detected in DARPP32-positive neurons. Scale bar: 20 μm. (D) Colocalization of the cytoplasmic 8-oxoG IR and TFAM IR. Scale bar: 10 μm. (E) Significantly increased mitochondrial 8-oxoG IR in DKO striatum exposed to 3-NP. Scale bar: 50 μm. (F) Quantitative measurement of the mitochondrial 8-oxoG IR in neuron. WT (PBS, n = 4; 3-NP, n = 4); DKO mice (PBS, n = 4; 3-NP, n = 5). (G) Detection of ssDNA IRs in either nuclei or cytoplasm. Arrow, cytoplasmic ssDNA IR; arrowhead, nuclear ssDNA IR. Scale bar: 20 μm. (H) Detection of stronger nuclear 8-oxoG IR in DKO striatal microglia. Nuclear 8-oxoG IR in RNase/HCl-pretreated sections (HCl), and to a lesser extent, cytoplasmic 8-oxoG IR in RNase-pretreated sections (no HCl) were detected in microglia. Scale bars: 20 μm (upper); 50 μm (lower). In B and F, data are shown as LS means ± SEM. Levels not connected with the same letter are significantly different (Tukey’s HSD test). *P, compared with WT mice exposed to 3-NP.